Изменить: Public vs. Private IP Addresses: What Is the Difference?

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<p class="content-article__lead">A public IP identifies your network on the internet. A private IP identifies a device inside your home or office network.</p>
<div class="content-article__meta"><div><span class="content-article__meta-label">Published</span><span>August 23, 2026</span></div><div><span class="content-article__meta-label">Reading time</span><span>5 min read</span></div></div>
<h2>The essential difference</h2>
<p>Websites normally see the public IP address assigned to your internet connection. Your phone, computer, and printer usually use private addresses that work only inside the local network.</p>
<p>Your router connects the two address spaces and sends replies from the internet back to the device that requested them.</p>
<h2>Private ranges and NAT</h2>
<p>Private IPv4 ranges are 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255. Public internet routers do not route them.</p>
<p>Network address translation (NAT) replaces a private source address with the router’s public address for outgoing connections and tracks replies for the right device.</p>
<h2>Finding and using each address</h2>
<p>An IP-checking website shows the public address received from your browser. Wi-Fi or Ethernet settings show the private address assigned in your local network.</p>
<p>A public IP is not a password and does not grant access to your device. For remote access, a private address alone is not reachable from the internet.</p>
<h2>Frequently asked questions</h2>
<div class="content-faq"><div class="content-faq__item"><h3>Can two devices have the same private IP?</h3><p>Yes, in different local networks. Within one network, every device needs a distinct address.</p></div><div class="content-faq__item"><h3>Does a VPN change my private IP?</h3><p>A VPN normally changes the public address visible to websites; your local private address remains in place.</p></div></div>

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